Hyaluronic Acid Cosmetic Grade

Product name : Sodium hyaluronate

Latin name: hyaluronic acid

Specification : ≥98%

Active ingredent: Glucuronic acid

Appearance : white powder

CAS No.: 9067-32-7

Molecular Formula: (C14H20NO11)n

Molecular Weight: 1 800 000~2200 000

Glucuronic acid: Min 44%

Bacterial endotoxin: ≤0.05IU/mg

Background:  

Sodium hyaluronate is a straight chain macromolecular mucopolysaccharide composed Of repeat disaccharide units of glucuronic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. It widely consists in the extracellular space of human and animal tissue, vitreum, umbilical cord, skin joints synovia and cockscomb, etc.The commercial HA is commonly a sodium salt, called sodium hyaluronate, habitually called hyaluronic acid. Sodium hyaluronate is a new biological at home and abroad. Its molecular weight is from several ten thousand to several million. It's aqueous solution has outstanding moisture keeping ability, high viscoelasticity and lubricity. It is widely used in cosmetics, pharmacy and health and beauty food.

Function:

Sodium hyaluronate is an important component of articular cartilage, where it is present as a coat around each cell (chondrocyte). When aggrecan monomers bind to hyaluronan in the presence of link protein, large highly negatively-charged aggregates form. These aggregates imbibe water and are responsible for the resilienceof cartilage (its resistance to compression). The molecular weight (size) of hyaluronan in cartilage decreases with age, but the amount increases.

Sodium hyaluronate is also a major component of skin, where it is involved in tissue repair. When skin is exposed to excessive UVB rays, it becomes inflamed (sunburn) and the cells in the dermis stop producing as much hyaluronan, and increase the rate of its degradation. Hyaluronan degradation products then accumulate in the skin after UV exposure.

While it is abundant in extracellular matrices, Sodium hyaluronate also contributes to tissue hydrodynamics, movement and proliferation of cells, and participates in a number of cell surface receptor interactions, notably those including its primary receptors, CD44 and RHAMM. Upregulation of CD44 itself is widely accepted as a marker of cell activation in lymphocytes. Sodium hyaluronate's contribution to tumor growth may be due to its interaction with CD44. Receptor CD44 participates in cell adhesion interactions required by tumor cells.

Although Sodium hyaluronate binds to receptor CD44, there is evidence hyaluronan degradation products transduce their inflammatory signal through toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2), TLR4 or both TLR2, and TLR4 in macrophagesand dendritic cells. TLR and hyaluronan play a role in innate immunity.

High concentrations of Sodium hyaluronate in the brains of young rats, and reduced concentrations in the brains of adult rats suggest hyaluronan plays an important role in brain development.

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